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EYE GNATS (Hippelates spp.) & BITING
GNATS
(Leptoconops spp.) & THEIR NATURAL
ENEMIES
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17. Bay, E. C. & E. F. Legner. 1963.
Quality control in the production of Hippelates collusor (Tsnd.)
for use in the search and rearing of
their natural
enemies. Proc. New Jersey Mosquito
Exterm. Comm. 1963. 403-410. 20. Bay, E. C. & E. F. Legner. 1963.
The prospect for the biological control of Hippelates collusor
(Townsend) in southern California. Proc. Calif. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc. 31: 76-79. 21. Bay, E. C., E. F. Legner & R.
Medved. 1964. Hippelates
collusor (Diptera: Chloropidae) as
a host for four species of parasitic Hymenoptera in southern California. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 57(5): 582-584. 25.
Legner, E. F. & E.
C. Bay. 1964. Natural exposure of Hippelates eye gnats to field parasitization and the discovery of
one pupal and two larval parasites.
Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 57(6):
767-769. 26. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1964.
La primera exploración para buscar enemigos naturales de Hippelates en Puerto Rico (Insecta: Chloropidae).
Carib. J. Sci. 4(4): 467-471. 30. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1965.
Predatory and parasitic agents attacking the Hippelates pusio
complex in Puerto Rico. J. Agric.
Univ.
Puerto Rico
49(3): 377-385. 31. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1965.
Ooencyrtus submetallicus Howard in an
extraordinary host-relationship with Hippelates
pusio Loew. Canad. Entomol. 97(5): 556-557. 32. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1965.
Culture of Hippelates pusio (Diptera: Chloropidae) in the
West Indies for natural enemy exploration and some notes on behavior and distribution. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 58(4): 436-440. 34. Legner, E. F. 1966. Competition among
larvae of Hippelates collusor (Diptera: Chloropidae) as a
natural control factor. J. Econ .
Entomol. 59(6): 1315-1321. 39. Legner, E. F., E. C. Bay & T. H.
Farr. Parasitic and predacious agents
affecting the Hippelates pusio complex in Jamaica and
Trinidad. Canad. Entomol. 98(1):
28-33. 41. Legner, E. F., G. S. Olton & F. M.
Eskafi. 1966. Influence of physical factors on the
developmental stages of Hippelates collusor in relation to the activities of its natural
parasites. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer.
59(4): 851-861. 42. Legner, E. F., E. C. Bay & R. A. Medved. 1966.
Behavior of three native pupal parasites of Hippelates collusor in
controlled systems. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 59(5): 977-984. 45. Legner, E. F. 1967. Two exotic
strains of Spalangia drosophilae merit consideration in
biological control of Hippelates collusor (Diptera: Chloropidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 60(2): 458-462. 51. Legner, E. F. 1968. Parasite activity
related to ovipositional responses in Hippelates
collusor. J. Econ. Entomol. 61(5):
1160-1163. 57. Legner, E. F. 1969. Adult emergence
interval and reproduction in parasitic Hymenoptera influenced by host size
and density. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 62(1): 220-226. 59. Legner, E. F. 1969. Distribution
pattern of hosts and parasitization by Spalangia
drosophilae (Hymenoptera:
Pteromalidae). Canad. Entomol. 101(5):
551-557. 60. Legner, E. F. & G. S. Olton. 1969.
Migrations of Hippelates collusor larvae from moisture and
trophic stimuli and their encounter by Trybliographa
parasites. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer.
62(1): 136-141. 63. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1970.
The introduction of natural enemies in California for the biological
control of noxious flies and gnats. Proc. Calif. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc. 37: 126-129. 64. Legner, E. F. 1970. Attraction of Hippelates eye gnats and other minute
Diptera to baits and man with considerations on competitive displacement by exotic non-problem species. Proc. Calif. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc.
37: 119-126. 65. Legner, E. F. & E. C. Bay. 1970.
Dynamics of Hippelates eye
gnat breeding in the Southwest.
Calif. Agric. 24(5): 1, 4-6. 67. Legner, E. F. 1970. Advances in the
ecology of Hippelates eye gnats in
California indicate means for effective integrated control. Proc. Calif. Mosq. Contr. Assoc., Inc. 38: 89-90. 71. Legner, E. F., R. D. Sjogren & J. T.
Wiles. 1970. Effects of low biuret urea on natural
populations of Hippelates collusor (Townsend) and Leptoconops kerteszi (Kieffer). J.
Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc. 30(4):
634-640. 73. Legner, E. F. 1971. A substrate for
positioning minute insect specimens in stereoscopic microscopy. J. Econ. Entomol. 64(1): 343. 75. Legner, E. F., L. Moore & R. A.
Medved. 1971. Observations on predation of Hippelates collusor and distribution in southern California of associated fauna. J. Econ. Entomol. 64(2): 461-468. 112. Legner, E. F., R. D. Sjogren & I. M.
Hall. 1974. The biological control of medically important arthropods. Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 4(1): 85-113. 114. Eskafi, F. M. & E. F. Legner. 1974.
Parthenogenetic reproduction in Hexacola
sp. near websteri, a parasite of Hippelates eye gnats. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 67(5): 767-768. 117. Eskafi, F. M. & E. F. Legner. 1974.
Fecundity, development and diapause in Hexacola sp. near websteri,
a parasite of Hippelates eye gnats. Ann.
Entomol. Soc. Amer. 67(5): 769-771. 128. Eskafi, F. M. & E. F. Legner. 1974.
Descriptions of immature stages of the cynipid Hexacola sp. near websteri
(Eucoilinae: Hymenoptera), a larval pupal parasite of Hippelates eye gnats (Diptera:
Chloropidae). Canad. Entomol.
106(10): 1043-1048. 82. Legner, E. F. 1971. Observations on
the distribution, relative abundance, and behavior of anthropophilic
Chloropidae in the Caribbean area. Carib. J. Sci. 11(3-4):
163-169. 153..
Legner, E. F., R. D. Sjogren, G. S. Olton & L. Moore. 1976.
Control of biting and annoying gnats with fertilizer. Calif. Agric. 30(2): 14- 17. 164. Bay, E. C., C. O. Berg, H. C. Chapman &
E. F. Legner. 1976. Biological control of medical and
veterinary pests. In: "Theory and Practice of Biological Control," p. 457-79. C. B. Huffaker (ed.). Academic Press,
Inc., New York, London. 176. Legner, E. F. 1978. Part I: Parasites and predators introduced against
arthropod pests. Diptera. In: Introduced Parasites and Predators of Arthropod Pests and Weeds: a World Review (C. P. Clausen, ed.), pp.
335-39; 346-55. Agric. Handbk. No. 480, ARS, USDA, U. S. Govt. Printing Off., Wash., D. C. 545 pp 192. Legner, E. F., R. D.
Sjogren & L. L. Luna. 1980. Arthropod fauna cohabiting arval breeding
sites of Leptoconops foulki Clastrier & Wirth in the Santa Ana River,
California. J. Amer. Mosq. Contr. Assoc.
40(1): 46-54. |