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BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL OF ARTHROPODS, WEEDS MOLLUSCS & INSECT IDENTIFICATION 1 Advanced Course The Biological and Integrated Control of Agricultural Pests Emphasizing the Classical Approach by the Use of Imported Natural
Enemies |
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GENERAL
INDEX Database List Major Categories Biological Control Topics [Other Web
Sites]
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BEHAVIOR, ONTOGENY & REPRODUCTION DETAILED CASES OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL Mycology (Bacteria, Slime Molds, Fungi) |
PRINCIPAL NATURAL ENEMY GROUPS |
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for details |
GLOSSARY (Scientific Terms) Beneficial Species Drawings/Photos
REFERENCES: POOLED REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIES
GENERAL
REFERENCES MAP Links
Introductory Biological Pest Control ENTOMOLOGY (An Introduction)
E. F. Legner Vita List of Indexes SCROLL
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PREFACE
Biological control as a discipline
had its significant beginnings in the 19th Century and continues to grow in
scope and achievements. The importance
of natural enemy components in effective agroecosystem
management is increasingly recognized.
This first organization of a textbook focuses on natural enemies to
provide a sound foundation for those pursuing biological and integrated
control professionally, particularly with emphasis on those aspects which
have yielded the greatest number of control successes: the acquisition, culture, establishment
and manipulation of new natural enemy species: Classical
Biological Control. Text accompanying each section is
paraphrased from cited references. No
claim is made that the bibliography associated with each subject is complete;
citations are not meant to include all material published on a particular
subject; however, cross-referencing
should access over 95% of the known literature. Early literature is also stressed because the natural enemies
and techniques developed offer viable pest control strategies in the wake of
the eclipse on biological control wrought by several decades of broad-spectrum
pesticide deployment and diversion to genetic manipulation. Research on host or prey organisms that is
pertinent to a fuller understanding of natural enemies and their culture is
included. Scientific names are
temporarily those used in cited references, while an up-dating effort is
still in progress. A great quantity
of material has been compiled in this work, and its wide scope should meet
the needs of the most exacting practitioner.
The categories selected for this First Edition may be changed in
succeeding editions, and pertinent references for each category will be
included as they are found in the literature. Ideas expressed herein that are attributable to cited authors
shall be noted as such and duly credited to them. The General Index will serve to link the various
categories. For additions and corrections to this database please contact the
following for consideration e.legner@ucr.edu The following
researchers, who through the middle of the 20th Century and beyond untiringly
inspired the goals of biological control and made significant original
contributions to a solid foundation for this field, are gratefully
acknowledged: Professors D. P.
Annecke, A. P. Arthur, R. R. Askew, B. R. Bartlett, E. C. Bay, B. P. Beirne,
F. D. Bennett, T. S. Bellows Jr., E. Biliotti, F. S. Bodenheimer, D. W.
Clancy, C. P. Clausen, H. Compere, H.
C. Coppel, P. H. DeBach, E. I. Dietrich, R. L. Doutt, H. El-Heneidy, F. M. Eskafi,
S. E. Flanders, T. W. Fisher, C. A. Fleschner, J. M. Franz, D. Gerling, M. A.
Ghani, R. D. Goeden, G. Gordh, S. Gothilf, D. J. Greathead, A. T. Gukasjan,
K. S. Hagen, I. M. Hall, D. E. Hardy, I. Harpaz, P. Harris, W. J. Hauser, A.
M. Heimpel, I. Hodek, M. Hoddle, J. K. Holloway, C. P. Hoyt, C. B. Huffaker,
B. Hurpin, A. Jimenez-Jimenez, M. Kogan, E. F. Knipling, A. Krieg, M. Laird,
J. J. Lipa, C. W. McCoy, Maldonado-Capriles, E. Mellini, P. S. Messenger, I.
Moore, M. H. Muma, E. S. Narayanan, A. J. Nicholson, P. Nuorteva, E. R.
Oatman, G. A. Olton, R. E. Orth, D. Pimentel, H. Pschorn-Walcher, V. P. Rao,
E. Rivnay, D. Rosen, G. Salt, E. I. Schlinger, A. Silveira-Guido, F.
Silvestri, F. J. Simmonds, H. W. Simmonds, R. D. Sjogren, W. A. Smirnoff, H.
S. Smith, M. E. Solomon, P. Starý, E. A. Steinhaus, E. Swirski, M. D.
Tadic, M. Tanaka, T. H. C. Taylor, N.
A. Telenga, S. V. Trjapitzin, S-C.
Tsai, C. Vago, R. van den Bosch, G. Viggiani, G. A. Viktorov, L. Walters, D.
F. Waterhouse, J. Weiser, S. K. Wiackowski, F. Wilson, G. N. Wolcott, B. J.
Wood, J. B. Woolley, K. Yasumatsu,
and Hyo-sok Yu.
Further acknowledgment and appreciation are made to Professors M. T.
AliNiazee, L. Andrés, R. C. Axtell, R. Baronowski, T. S. Bellows, D. M.
Benjamin, J. S. Bernal, L. E.
Caltagirone, K. P. Carl, D. A. Chant, L. D. Charlet, A. Chiri, B. A. Croft,
D. L. Davis, J. J. Drea, A. T. Drooz, A. El-Heneidy, L. E. Ehler, K. Fabritius, B. A. Federici, D. C. Force,
B. Freier, S. Frommer, R. Garcia, C. Geden, U. Gerson, R. D. Goeden, D.
Gonzalez, R. R. Granados, P. D. Greany,
S. A. Hassan, B. A. Hawkins,
D. H. Headrick, Y. Hirose, M. M. T. Hokkanen, M. A. Hoy, J. Huber, C. M.
Ignoffo, M. W. Johnson, H. Kajita, R. Klunker, J. Lasalle, L. M. LeBeck, S.
Long, R. F. Luck, J. C. Luhman, M.
Mackauer, J. A. McMurtry, R. A. Medved, J. W. Mertins, P. B. Morgan, B. A.
Mullens, Y. Murakami, S. Nagarkatti, R. S.
Patterson, W. Peet, J. J. Petersen, R. L. Pienkowski, D. Pimentel, G. O.
Poinar, Jr., , H. T. Reynolds, R. Ripa.-Schaul, D. A. Rutz, R. B. Ryan, M. F.
Schuster, H. H. Shorey, R. Stouthamer, S. N. Thompson, P. H. Timberlake, T.
Tretiakova, M. Tyndale-Biscoe, T. R.
Unruh, J. C. van Lenteren, R. L., Ridgway, J., Ridsdill-Smith, S. B. Vinson,
M. Wallace, R. W. Warkentin, R. M. Weseloh, G. Wylie, M. Wysoki, and G. Zinna for their encouragement and counsel. The assistance of the Beneficial
Insectary & Rincon-Vitova Insectary was also vital in the acquisition and
storage of data. In particular, the
encouragement of Everett Dietrick, Sinthya Penn
and Glenn Scriven was crucial. Max
Badgley and Ernest White created many of the photographic illustrations wilst
directing the Quarantine Insectary at The University of California. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SPECIFICATIONS
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Italics are represented in underlined or true italics format. Non-English references are given in
English whenever possible, or in French, German, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese, each with
characteristic letters and accents.
The Czech alphabet, because of its phonetic quality, is used to cite
references in Slavic languages. This
database is progressively corrected,
updated, distributed free of charge; and should not be reviewed, abstracted
or quoted without agreement of the cited authors and or publishers. This is a self-contained database with a
minimum of links outside its limits.
Independent Internet searches are encouraged for greater detail on a
particular subject. All information
contained herein is for general public use according to the rules set by the Creative Common Deed. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PURPOSE OF WEBSITE
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