Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K., & Sheldon, K. M. (2008). How and why do positive activities work to boost well-being?: An experimental longitudinal investigation of regularly practicing optimism and gratitude. Manuscript under review. An experimental longitudinal study examined the effects of the motivated practice of two positive cognitive activitiesactivities–(i.e., expressing optimism and gratitude – ) on well-being. Participants (N = 332) chose between two experiments – one purported to boost happiness (the motivated group) and one described as involving “cognitive exercises” (the non-motivated group). Subsequently, they were assigned to express optimism, gratitude, or a control task once a week over an 8-week period. As predicted, the regular practice of optimistic and grateful thinking was more beneficial for participants who were motivated to become happier. Additionally, person-activity fit, effort, and continued engagementpractice all positively impacted the intervention’s success. Finally, practicing these strategiesactivities boosted perceived satisfaction with weekly life experiences, which, in turn, produced increases in well-being. These and other findings are discussed, and suggestions are offered for designing future happiness interventions. Back to Papers & Publications