|
File:
<sclerog.htm> [For educational purposes
only] Glossary <Principal Natural Enemy Groups > <Citations> <Home> |
|
HYMENOPTERA, Sclerogibbidae (Chrysidoidea) (formally Bethyloidea) -- <Images> & <Juveniles> These wasps are
distributed worldwide in warmer climates.
There ae 14 African species in 3 genera. They are ectoparasitoids of Embioptera nymphs. Pupations is in the host web. They are solitary or gregarious
ectoparasitoids of Embioptera (webspinners). The larvae stay attached to the
metasomal intersegmental membranes of nymphal webspinners and pupate in the
tunnels of their host. Biological
information is scarce. Females are apterous while males are fully winged. They
vary in length from 2.2 - 6.5 mm, and are distinguished by the antennae inserted
just below a protruding shelf on the face; the antennae have 20 or more
segments. The head Is triangular in lateral view and
the front femur is swollen. Females
have an hourglass-shaped mesosoma, while the fore wing of males lacks a
pterostigma and distal venation. The
hind wing has no closed cells but a large basal lobe. This small, very rarely collected family is known from
a single genus, Probethylus , and only
six species from Australia. It is not
been found in New Zealand.
= = = = = = = = = = = = = References: Please refer
to <biology.ref.htm>, [Additional
references may be found at: MELVYL Library] Argaman, Q.
1988: Generic synopsis of Sclerogibbidae (Hymenoptera). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei
Nationalis Hungarici, 80: 177-187. Finnamore, A.T. & D. J. Brothers.
1993. Superfamily Chrysidoidea (pp. 130-160). In: GOULET, H. & HUBER, J.
(eds). Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families.
Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp. Olmi, M.
2005: A revision of the world Sclerogibbidae (Hymenoptera
Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica (n.s.), 46-193 Yasumatsu,
K. 1958: A new addition to the genera
of the Sclerogibbidae (Hymenopter). Kontyű, 26: 20-24. |