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NOTE:
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ignored in later publications. The various links include general information
on the different insect groups. This section is designed primarily to
acquaint students with the diversity existent among insects with emphasis on
beneficial groups, and to facilitate preliminary identification. Adherence to all protocols noted for using
information from referenced websites is required. We are grateful to those many specialists who have contributed
to this section in order to acquaint students with those insects that are
vital to ecological stability and which may serve as potential candidates for
biological pest control. Please
see <Entomology> and <Insect
Orders> for more details on each family. The latest family
classification arrangements for each order are noted below as <Latest Classification>. |
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COLEOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest
ID] Anthicidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Anthribidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Brentidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cantharidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Carabidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cicindelidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cleridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Coccinellidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Colydiidae <Habits>;
<Adults> <Juveniles> Cucujidae (incl.
Passandridae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Dascillidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Dermestidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Drilidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Dytiscidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ectrephidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Elateridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Eucnemidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Gyrinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Haliplidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Helodidae <Habits>;
<Adults> <Juveniles> Histeridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Hydrophilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Hygrobiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lampyridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lathridiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Leptinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lycidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Melandryidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Meloidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Melyridae (= Malachiidae)
<Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mordellidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Mycetophagidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nitidulidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ostomatidae <Habits>; <Adults <Juveniles> Paussidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Phalacridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Phengodidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pselaphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pythidae (= Salpingidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rhipiceridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rhizophagidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rhipiphoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rhysodidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Scarabaeidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Silphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Staphylinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> <Latest
ID> Tenebrionidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Throscidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Trogidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Trogossitidae (=
Ostomidae) <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Misc.
Families <General Habitss> DERMAPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
DIPTERA <Characteristics>; <Juveniles> [Latest
ID] Orthorrhapha Asilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Blepharoceridae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Bombyliidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cecidomyiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ceratopogonidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chironomidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Culicidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cyrtidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Dolichopodidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Empididae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Limnobiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mycetophagidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mydidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nemestrinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Orphnephilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rhagionidae
(Leptidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Scenopinidae <Habits>; Adults> <Juveniles> Stratiomyiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tabanidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Therevidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tipulidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Misc. Orthorrhapha <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cyclorrhapha Acroceridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Agromyzidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Anthomyiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Apioceridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Braulidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Calliphoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chamaemyidae
(Ochthiphilidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chloropidae
(Oscinidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Conopidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Drosophilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lonchaeidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Milichiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Otitidae
(Ortalidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Phoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pipunculidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pyrgotidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sarcophagidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Scatophagidae
(Cordyluridae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Syrphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tachinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> EMBIOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID] HEMIPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID Anthocoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Belostomatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Enicocephalidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Gelastocoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Gerridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lygaeidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Miridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nabidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Naucoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nepidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Notonectidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ochteridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pentatomidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Phymatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Reduviidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Saldidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Vellidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> HOMOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID] EPHEMEROPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest
ID] HYMENOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID] Symphyta (Chalastogastra)--sawflies horntails
(Sawflies, mostly phytophagous)
<Characteristics> Orussoidea Orussidae <Overview>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tenthredinoidea Tenthredinidae <Overview>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Apocrita (Clistogastra,
Petiolata) -- parasitic/predatory Apocrita Aculeata (stinging Hymenoptera) Apoidea <Overview> Andrenidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Anthophoridae (=
Nomadidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Apidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Halictidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Colletidae (=
Hylaeidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ctenoplectridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Fideliidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Hylaeidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Megachilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Melittidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nomadidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Oxaeidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Stelidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Stenotritidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sphecidae (= Sphecoidea) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ampulicinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Astatinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Bembicinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cercerinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Crabroninae <Habits>; >Adults> <Juveniles> Larrinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mellininae <Habits> <Adults> <Juveniles> Nyssoninae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pemphredoninae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Philanthinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pseninae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sphecinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Stizinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Trypoxylinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chrysidoidea ( = Bethyloidea) <Overview> Bethylidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chrysididae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (+ Cleptidae <Habits>); <Adults> <Juveniles> Dryinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Embolemidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Plumariidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sclerogibbidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Scolebythidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Vespoidea <Overview> Bradynobaenidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Formicidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
[formerly
Formicoidea <Overview>] Eumenidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Methocidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sierolomorphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Vespidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Scoliidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
[formerly as
Scolioidea <Overview>] [ formerly Pompiloidea <Overview>] Rhopalosomidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pompilidae (=
Psammocharidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> [formerly
Tiphioidea <Overview>] Tiphiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sapygidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> |
Apocrita Parasitica (nonstinging Hymenoptera) Ceraphronoidea <Overivew> Calliceratidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ceraphronidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Megaspilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chalcidoidea <Overview>; <General
References> Agaonidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Aphelinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chalcididae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Elasmidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Encyrtidae <Habits>; <Adults-1> <Adults-2>; <Juveniles> Eucharitidae (=
Eucharidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Eulophidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Eupelmidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Eurytomidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Leucospidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mymaridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ormyridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Perilampidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pteromalidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Asaphinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Austroterobiinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Austrosystasinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Brachyscelidiphaginae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Ceinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Cerocephalinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Chromeurytominae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Cleonyminae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Coelocybinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Colotrechinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Cratominae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Diparinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Ditropinotellinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Elatoidinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Erotolepsiinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Eunotinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Eutrichosomatinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Herbertinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Keiraninae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Leptofoeninae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Louriciinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Macromesinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Miscogasterinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Neodiparinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Nefoeninae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Ormocerinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Panstenoninae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Parasaphodinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Pireninae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Pteromalinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Spalangiinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Storeyinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Rotoitidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Signiphoridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tanaostigmatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tetracampidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Torymidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Trichogrammatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cynipoidea <Overview> Cynipidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Charipinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Cynipinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> (Eucoilinae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Figitidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ibaliidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Liopteridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Evanioidea <Overview> Aulacidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Evaniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Gasteruptiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ichneumonoidea <Overview> Apozygidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Braconidae <Habits>; <Adults-1> <#2>
<#3> <Juveniles> Aphidiinae
<Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ichneumonidae <Habits>; <Adults-1> <#2>
<#3>; <Juveniles> Agriotypinae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Paxylommatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Megalyroidea <Overview> Megalyridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mymarommatoidea
(or Serphitoidea) Mymerommatidae
(Callimomidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Platygastroidea Platygastridae (=
Platygasteridae) <Habits> <Adults> <Juveniles> Scelionidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Proctotrupoidea <Overview> Austroniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Diapriidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Heloridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> [formerly Mesoserphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles>] Monomachidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> [formerly Monoserphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles>] Pelecinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Peradeniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Proctotrupidae (=
Serphidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Roproniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Serphidae (with
Proctotrupidae) <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Vanhorniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Stephenoidea <Overview> Stephanidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
Trigonalyoidea <Overview> Trigonalyidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Neotropical
Hymenoptera Paxylommatidae. <Habits>; <Adults> Entedontidae.
<Habits>; <Adult images sought> Tetrastichidae.
<Habits>; <Adult images sought> Sclerogibbidae. -- <Habits>; <Adults> Cleptidae. -- <Habits>; <Adults>
& <Juveniles>
Ampulicidae. -- <Habits>; <Adults> & <Juveniles> ISOPTERA
<Characteristics> [Latest
ID] LEPIDOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID] Blastobasidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chrysaugidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cosmopterigidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Cyclotornidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Epipyropidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Heliodinidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Lycaenidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Noctuidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Oinophilidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Olethreutidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Phycitidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Psychidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pyralidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Pyraustidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Tortricidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> MALLOPHAGA
<Characteristics> [Latest
ID] MECOPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles> NEUROPTERA <Characateristics> [Latest ID] Apochrysidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ascalaphidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Berothidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Chrysopidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Coniopterygidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Corydalidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Dilaridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Hemerobiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Inocelliidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Ithonidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Mantispidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Myiodactylidae <Habits>; Adults> <Juveniles> Myrmeleontidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nemopteridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Nymphidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Osmylidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Polystoechotidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Psychopsidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Raphidiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sialidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sisyridae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Stilbopterygidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Sympherobiidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Trichomatidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> ODONATA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles> ORTHOPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Tettigoniidae <Habits>; <Adults> <Juveniles> Gryllacrididae
<Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Gryllidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> Mantidae <Habits>; <Adults>
<Juveniles> PHTHIRAPTERA = ANOPLURA
<Characteristics> PLECOPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles> PSOCOPTERA (=
Corrodentia) <
Characteristics, #2>; <Adults, #2> <Juveniles, #2> [Latest ID] SIPHONAPTERA < Characteristics> [Latest ID] STREPSIPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
THYSANOPTERA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles> THYSANURA <Characteristics>; <Adults> <Juveniles>
THYSANOPTERA <Characteristics> [Latest ID] TRICHOPTERA <Characteristics>;
<Adults> <Juveniles> [Latest
ID] |
(For References, please refer to
<biology.ref.htm> <General
References> [Additional references may be found at: MELVYL Library]
=========================
Drawings of insects were inspired by those of prominent specialists to
whom reference should be made
for greater detail. However, because artists impart particular
artistic patterns to their work, the outcome is
often stylized and does not completely represent the true nature of
the subject. For this reason several
examples are often included, and
modifications have been made in efforts to clarify diagnostic characteristics.