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                            USEFUL DOMESTICATED AND WILD PLANTS

                                                 OF AMERICAN ORIGIN

                            (* = Known Pre-Columbian Usage) 1

 

 

COMMON NAME

 

Roots & Tubers

*Sweet potato

*Manioc 

*American yam

*Potato   

*Peruvian carrot     

Cocurito

*Purple arrowroot

*Jerusalem artichoke

*Arrowroot

*Oka

*Yam bean

*Jícama   

*Jícama, Potato bean

*Aymara, Ajipa

Añu

*Ruba, Papa verde

*Tannia, Yautia

 

Farinaceous Plants

*Amaranth, Gautli, Haautl

*Mango, Teca

*Goosefoot

*Maize

 

Protein Plants

*Jack bean

*Giant bean

*Tawri, Indian lupin

 

*Jícama   

*Tepary bean

*Scarlet runner bean, Ayocote

*Lima bean

 

*Beans   

 

Oil Plants

*Peanut, Maní, Cacahuete

*Brazil nut, Paranut

*Chia

 

 

*Orinoco nut

*Buffalo gourt, Chilicote

*Abilla    

*Sunflower, Mirasol

Physic nut

Monkeypot

Oiticia tree

Oil Madi, Melosa    

Uaku

*Soapberry, Jaboncillo

*Jojoba

Ucuba oiltree

Mellinus

 

Palms

*Acrocomia palms 

*Astrocaryum palms

*Attalea palms

*Pejibaye, Pixba

*Dendé, Corozo

Queen Palm

*Batana  

*Moriche

*Oenocarpus palms

*Abassu, Coruba

*Wax palms

 

 

Wax palm

Urucuri palm

 

Plants for Industry

*Agave  

*Dwarf aloe

*Cabuya

*Maguey                 

*Hennequen, Sisal 

*Gigante 

*Istle

*Quiche  

*Sisal hemp

*Maguey gigante

*Cabuya

*Rubber, Caucho

*Silk cotton, Kapok, Ceibo

*Calabash tree, Calabacero, Tecomate,

         Jicaro               

*Jicaro, Guacal

*Cotton  

*Para rubber, Caucho

*Indigo   

Manicoba

*Sapota, Sapodilla 

*Guayule

*Yucca   

 

Aromatics, Narcotics, Stimulants, Spices, Aesthetics

*Annatto, Achiote

*Chile peppers

Golden root, Raicilla

Quinine, Cascarilla 

Snake bark, Mambee

*Dahlia

*Tonka tree, Cumaru

*Coca

Yerba mate

*Tobacco (hybrid)

Wild tobacco

Guarana, Yoco

Allspice, Pimienta   

Bay Rum 

*Copal

*Black nightshade

*Kaahée, Sweet Paraguay herb

*Marigold

*Cacao, cocoa

*Vanilla

 

 

 

 

*Misc Flowers

 

Timber

*Pino de Parana      

*Pino

*Mangroves

 

 

*Balsa

*Pines

*Mahogony, Caoba

*Bamboo

 

Pasture Plants (tropical)

  Grasses

Savannah grass

 

 

Buffel grass

*Teosinte

*Arrowleaf

Panicum grass

Bahia grass

Sorghum

Guatemala grass

 

Legumes

Peanut-like plants

Yerba rosada

Calopo

Vichada

Bejuquillo

 

 

Grass pea, Almorta 

Horse tamarind

 

 

 

 

Aromatic & Fleshy Fruits

  Fruit Trees

*Cashew

*Jocote

*Hog plum, Jobo

*Peruvian pepper

*Soursop                  (Guanabana)

*Sour- & Sweetsops

Biriba

*Cow tree, Macho

*Chestnut

*Zapote del Monte

*Papaya

*Papayas

*Zapote  

*Mamey 

Madrono, Naranjito

Bacuri do Parana

*Avocado, Aguacate

*Membrillo

Coroboro, Guanipol

*Guama  

*Algarrobo, Mesquite

*Barbados cherry, Acerola

*Nance, Chaparro

*Milk trees

Red mulberry

Uvilla, Guarumo

*Guayabo, Pitomba, etc.

*Guava, Guayaba

Feijoa

*Yba-Puro

Mountain plum, Manzanilla

*Uvero de Playa, Sea Grape

Trumpillo, Madroño

*Jagua, Genipap

 

*White sapote

*Genip tree

*Yellow Genip

*Zapote Verde

*Star apple

Achras Zapota, Sapodilla

 

*Sapota

Mamey Colorado    

Sapote Mamey

 

Taruma   

 

Herb & Bush Fruits

*Liane

*Boro-boro, Moco-moco

*Liane

*Pineapple, Ananas, Piña

*Cochineal plant

*Pitahaya

*Prickly pear, Tuna

*Prickly pear

*Walnut squash     

*Warty Crookneck Squash

*Pumpkin

*Winter Squash

*Squash 

*Pepino Hueco

*Bottle gourd, Tecomate

*Sponge gourd, Luffa

*Chayote

Tacaco

*Secana, Cajuba

*Passion Vine

*Chilean strawberry, Fresa

Tree tomato, Tomatillo

*Tomatillo, Husk tomato

*Tomato, Tomate   

*Tomato 

*Melon pear, Pepino Dulce

*Orinoco Apple, Topiro

*Yucca   

 

SCIENTIFIC NAME

 

 

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Poir

Manihot esculenta Crantz

Dioscorea trifida Willd.

Solanum tuberosum L.

Arracacia esculenta DC

Calathea allouia (Aubl.) Lindl.

Canna edulis Ker.  

Helianthus tuberosus L.

Maranta arundinacea

Oxalis tuberosa Mol

Pachyrrhizos erosus (L.) Urban

Pachyrrizus erosus (L.) Urban

Pachyrrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Sprengel

Pachyrrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi

Tropaeolum tuberosum R.P.

Ullucus tuberosus Lozano

Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. (Schott)

 

 

Amaranthus spp.

Bromus mango Desv.

Chenopodium spp.

Zea mays L.

 

 

Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.

Canavalia plagiosperma Piper

Canavalia spp.

Lupinus mutabilis Sweet

Pachyrrhizus spp.  

Phaseolus acutifolius L.

Phaseolus coccineus L

Phaseolus lunatus L.

*Phaseolus aborigineus Burkhart

Phaseolus spp

 

 

Arachis hypogaea L.

Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl

Salvia hispanica

Eschweilera odorata Miers

Caryocar spp.

Caryodendron orinocense Karst           

Cucurbita foetidissima H. B. K

Fevillea cordifolia L.

Helianthus annuus L.

Jatropha curcas L.

Lecythis elliptica H.B.K.

Licania sclerophylla Mart.

Madia sativa Mol.

Sapindus saponaria L Monopterix uacu Spruce

Simmondsia chinensis Schneider (Link)

Virola sebifera Aubl.

Mellinis minutiflora Beauv.

 

 

Acrocomia spp.

Astrocaryum spp.

Attalea spp

Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.

Elaeis oleifera H.B.K.

Palmitos (Heart of Palms)

Jessenia bataua (Mart.) Burr.

Mauritia flexuosa L.

Oenocarpus spp.

Orbignya martiana Barb.-Rodr.

Copernicia cerifera (Arr.) Mart.

Copernicia australis Becc.

Copernica prunifera (Miller) Moore

Ceroxylon andicola Humb. & Bonpl.

Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.

 

 

Agave spp.

Agave angustifolia Haw.

Agave cabuya Trel.

Agave cantala Roxb.

Agave fourcroydes Lemaire

Agave gigantea Vent.

Agave lecheguilla Torrey

Agave quicheensis Trel.

Agave sisaliana Perrime

Agave tecta Trelease

Fourcraea spp.

Castilla elasti