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Biological Pest Control

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<EA.REF>

 

Earl, N. W. & L. D. Newsom.  1964.  Initiation of diapause in the boll weevil.  J. Insect Physiol. 10:  131-39.

 

Earle, N. W., R. C. Gaines & J. S. Roussel.  1959.  A larval diet for the boll weevil containing an acetone powder of cotton squares.  J. Econ. Ent. 52:  710-12.

 

Eason, J E; Hice, R H; Johnson, J J; Federici, B A.  1998.  Effects of substituting granulin or a granulin-polyhedrin chimera for polyhedrin on virion occlusion and polyhedral morphology in Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus.  J. of Virology, v.72, n.7, (1998): 6237-6243.

 

East, R.  1974.  Predation on the soil-dwelling stages of the winter moth at Wytham Woods, Berkshire.  J. Anim. Ecol. 43:  611-26.

 

Easteal, S. & I. A. Boussay.  1987.  A sensitive and efficient isozyme technique for small arthropods and other invertebrates.  Bull. Ent. Res. 77:  407-15.

 

Easterbrook, M. A., E. F. Souter, M. G. Solomon & J. F. Cranham.  1979.  Trials on integrated pest management in English apple orchards.  Proc. British Crop Prot. Conf. on Pests & Disease. p. 61-67.

 

Eastham, L. E. S.  1929a.  The post-embryonic development of Phaenoserphus viator Hal. a parasite of the larva of Pterostichus niger (Carabidae).  Trans. 4th Internatl. Congr. Ent. (1928) 2:  546-51.

 

Eastham, L. E. S.  1929b.  The post-embryonic development of Phaenoserphus viator Hal. (Proctotrupoidea), a parasite of the larva of Pterostichus niger (Carabidae), with notes on the anatomy of the larva.  Parasitol. 21:  1-21.

 

Easwaramoorthy, S. & S. Jayara.  1989.  Interaction between the tachinid parasite, Sturmiopsis inferens and granulosis virus in the sugarcane shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus [Lep.: Crambidae].  Entomophaga 34:  121-28.

 

Eaton, C. B.  1941.  Influence of the mountain pine beetle on the composition of mixed pole stands of ponderosa pine and white fir.  J. Forest. 39:  710-13.

 

Eaton, O. E.  1892.  Notes on Elenchus tenuicornis Kby., with illustrations.  Ent. Mon. Mag., 1892.  p. 250.

 

<EB.REF>

 

Ebel, F., P. Joseph, L. N. Kline, L. F. Pettinger, J. Swaby, E. Tarnasky & R. B. Ryan.  1982.  Recolonizations of the larch casebearer parasites of Agathis pumila and Chrysocharis laricinellae in Oregon using the branch method, 1977-1981.  U. S. Dept. Agr., For. Serv. Pac. Northwest Res. Stn., Admin. Rept.  6 p.

 

Ebeling, W.  1938.  Host determining morphological variations in Lecanium corni.  Hilgardia 11:  613-69.

 

Ebeling, W.  1947.  DDT preparations to control certain scale insects on citrus.  J. Econ. Ent. 40:  619-32.

 

Ebeling, W.  1950.  Subtropical Entomology.  Lithotype Proc. Co., San Francisco, CA.  575 p.

 

Ebeling, W.  1959.  Subtropical Fruit Pests.  Univ. Calif. Div. Agr.  Sci.  436 p.

 

Ebeling, W.  1975.  Urban Entomology.  Univ. Calif. Div. Agr.  Sci., Richmond, CA.  695 p.

 

Ebeling, W.  1978.  Urban Entomology.  Div. Agr. Sci., Univ. Calif., Berkeley.  695 p.

 

Eberhardt, G.  1930.  Chortophila cilicrura Rond., a new parasite of the migratory locust in Daghestan.  Zashch. Rast. ot Vred. (Plant Protect.) 6:  813-14.  (Rev. Appl. Ent. Ser A 19:  50).

 

<EC.REF>

 

Eckblad, J. W.  1973.  Experimental predation studies of malacophagous larvae of Sepedon fuscipennis (Diptera: Sciomyzidae) and aquatic snails.  Exp. Parasitol. 33:  331-42.

 

Ecke, H.  1966.  Die Rote Waldameise im Naturschutzrecht.  Regeln, Ausnahmen und Empfehlungen.  Waldhygiene 6:  218-29.

 

Eckman, D. P.  1958.  Industrial Instrumentation.  6th Printing.  Joh Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 

 

Eckstein, F.  1921.  Über die Lebensweise von Thanasimus (Clerus) formicarius Latr.  Forstw. Zentralbl. 43:  57-62.

 

<ED.REF>

 

Edelsten, H. M.  1933.  A tachinid emerging from an adult moth.  Roy. Ent. Soc. London Proc. 8:  131.

 

Eddy, C. O.  1939.  An attempt to colonize Hippodamia convergens Guer.  Proc. Internatl. Soc. Sugar Cane Tech. Congr. 6:  385-6.  (In:Abs. Rev. Appl. Ent. (1940) (A), 28:  245).

 

Edgar, W. D.  1971.  Aspects of the ecology and energetics of the egg sac parasites of the wolf spider Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer).  Oecologia 7:  155-63.

 

Edington, D.  1899.  Locust fungus.  Cape of Good Hope Bacteriological Institute Ann. Rept. 1898.  Grahamstown, Cape of Good Hope. p. 9-10, 84-90.

 

Edland, T.  1965.  A granulosis of Eupsilia transversa Hufn. [Lepidoptera, Noctuidae] in West Norway.  Entomophaga 10:  331-34.

 

Edmunds, G. F., Jr.  1973.  Ecology of black pine leaf scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae).  Environ. Ent. 2:  765-77.

 

Edmunds, G. F. & D. N. Alstad.  1985.  Malathion-induced sex ratio changes in black pine leaf scale (Hemiptera: Diaspididae).  Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 78:  403-05.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1952a.  The oviposition of Prosevania punctata (Brulle):  A hymenopterous parasite of cockroach egg capsules.  Ohio J. Sci. 52:  29-30.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1952b.  Collecting and culturing native wood roaches and their parasites in Ohio.  Ent. News. 63:  143-48.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1953.  Collecting and culturing of native wood roaches in Ohio, with some additional notes on their parasites.  Ent. News 64:  225-30.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1954.  A study of the biology and life history of Prosevania punctata (Brullé) with notes on additional species (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae).  Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 47:  475-92.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1955.  Biological notes on Tetrastichus hagenowii (Ratzeburg), a chalcidoid parasite of cockroach eggs (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae; Orthoptera: Blattidae).  Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 48:  210-13.

 

Edmunds, L. R.  1957.  Observations on the biology and life history of the brown cockroach Periplaneta brunnea Burmeister.  Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 59:  283-86.

 

Edson, K.M., S.B. Vinson, D.B. Stoltz, and M.D. Summers. 1981.  Virus in a parasitoid wasp: Suppression of the cellular immune response in the parasitoid's host.  Science, 2U: 582-583.

 

Edwards, C. A. (ed.).  1973a.  Environmental Pollution by Pesticides.  Plenum Press, London & New York.

 

Edwards, C. A.  1973b.  Persistent Pesticides in the Environment, 2nd ed.  CRC Press, Cleveland.

 

Edwards, C. A. & G. W. Heath.  1964.  The Principles of Agricultural Entomology.  Chapman & Hall, London.

 

Edwards, C. J. & D. H. Pengelly.  1965.  Melittobia chalybii Ashmead [Hymenoptera: Eulophidae] parasitizing Bombus fervidus Fabricius [Hymenoptera: Apidae].  Proc. Ent. Soc. Ontario 96:  98-9.

 

Edwards, F. W.  1934.  The New Zealand glowworm.  Linn. Soc., London, Proc. 1933-34:  3-10.

 

Edwards, G. A.  1953.  Respiratory mechanisms.  In:  Roeder (ed.), Insect Physiology.  John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.

 

Edwards, J. G.  1954a.  A new approach to infraspecific categories.  Systematic Zool. 3:  1-20.

 

Edwards, J. G.  1954b.  Observations on the biology of Amphizoidae (Coleop.).  Coleop. Bull 8(1):  19-24.

 

Edwards, J. G.  1957.  Entomology above timberline.  II.  The attraction of ladybird beetles to mountain tops.  Coleop. Bull. 11:  41-46.

 

Edwards, J. G.  1964.  Ladybird beetles mating at high elevations (Hippodamia convergens, Coccinella transversoguttata).  Pan-Pac. Ent. 40(1):  62-63.

 

Edwards, J. G.  1965.  Amphizoa larvae searching prey in foamy eddy at night.  Pan-Pac. Ent. 41(1):  68.

 

Edwards, J. S.  1965.  Entomogenous micro-organisms of Prionoplus reticularis (White).  New Zealand Ent. 3(4):  21.

 

Edwards, J. S.  1966.  Observations on the life history and predatory behavior of Zelus exsanguis (Stal) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae).  Proc. Roy. Ent. Soc. London 41:  21-4.

 

Edwards, O R; Hoy, M A. 1995a.  Random amplified polymorphic DNA markers to monitor laboratory-selected,  pesticide-resistant Trioxys pallidus (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) after release into three California walnut orchards.  Environ. Entomol., v.24, n.3, (1995): 487-496.

 

Edwards, O R; Hoy, M A.  1995b.   Monitoring laboratory and field biotypes of the walnut aphid parasite, Trioxys pallidus, in population cages using RAPD-PCR.  Biocontrol Science and Technology, v.5, n.3, (1995): 313-327.

 

Edwards, O R; Melo, E L; Smith, L; Hoy, M A.  1998a.  Discrimination of three Typhlodromalus species (Acari: Phytoseiidae) using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers.  Experimental & Applied Acarol., v.22, n.2, (1998): 101-109.

 

Edwards, Owain R.; Hoy, Marjorie A. 1998b. Biology of Ageniaspis citricola (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Ann. of the Entomol. Soc. of America, v.91, n.5, (1998. Sept.):  654-660.

 

Edwards, R. L.  1954a.  The host-finding and oviposition behavior of Mormoniella vitripennis (Walker) (Hym., Pteromalidae), a parasite of muscoid flies.  Behaviour 7:  88-112.

 

Edwards, R. L.  1954b.  The effect of diet on egg maturation and resorption in Mormoniella vitripennis (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae).  Quart. Rev. Micro. Sci. 95:  459-68.

 

Edwards, R. L.  1955.  How the hymenopteran parasite Mormoniella vitripennis (Walker) finds its host.  Brit. J. Anim. Behav. 3:  37-8.

 

Edwards, R. L.  1961.  The area of discovery of two insect parasites Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) and Trichogramma evanescens Westwood, in an artificial environment.  Canad. Ent. 93:  475-81.

 

Edwards, S. R., G. M. Davis & L. I. Nevling, Jr. (eds.).  1985.  The systematics community.  Assoc. Syst. Coll., Mus. Natl. Hist., Univ. Kansas, Lawrence, KS  66045.  275 p.

 

Edwards, T. D., J. C. Dukes & R. C. Axtell.  1974.  Soil-washing apparatus for recovery of tabanid larvae and other invertebrates.  J. Georgia Ent. Soc. 9(1): 32-5.

 

Edwards, W. H.  1886.  On the life history and preparatory stages of Feniseca tarquintius Fabr.  Canad. Ent. 18:  141-53.

 

Edwards, W. H.  1932.  Importation into Jamaica of a parasite (Eretmocerus serius Silv.) of the citrus black fly (Aleurocanthus woglumi Ash.).  Jamaica Dept. Sci. & Agr.  Ent. Bull.  12 p.

 

Edwards, W.H. 1936.  Pests attacking citrus in Jamaica.  Bull. of Entomological Research, 21: 335-337.

 

Edwards, W. H.  1942.  Entomological Division.  Jamaica Dept. Agr.  Rept. 1941-42:  9-10.

 

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Efford, I. E.  1963.  The parasitic ecology of some watermites.  J. Anim. Ecol. 32:  141-56.

 

<EG.REF>

 

Egeter, D. E., J. R. Anderson & J. O. Washburn.  1986.  Dispersal of the parasitic ciliate Lambornella clarki:  implications for ciliates in the biological control of mosquitoes.  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83:  7335-39.

 

Eggenkamp‑Rotteveel Mansveld, M.H., F. J. M. Ellenbroek, J. C. van Lenteren & J. Woets.  1978.  The parasite‑host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). VIII. Comparison and evaluation of an absolute count and a stratified random sampling programme.  J. Appl. Ent.  85: 133‑140.

 

Eggenkamp‑Rotteveel Mansveld, M. H., F. J. M. Ellenbroek & J. C. van Lenteren.  1980.  The greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and its parasite Encarsia formosa Gahan: population dynamics and sampling problems.  Meded.  van de Faculteit der Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent,45/3: 545‑553.

 

Eggenkamp-Rotteveel Mansveld, M. H., J. C. van Lenteren, J. M. Ellenbroeck & J. Woets.  1982a.  The parasite-host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae).  XII.  Population dynamics of parasite and host in a large commercial glasshouse and test of the parasite introduction method used in The Netherlands.  Z. ang. Ent. 93:  113-30.

 

Eggenkamp‑Rotteveel Mansveld, M. H., F. J. M. Ellenbroek & J. C. van Lenteren.  1982b.  The parasite‑host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). XII. Population dynamics of parasite and host in a large, commercial glasshouse and test of the parasite‑introduction method used in the Netherlands (2 parts). J. Appl. Ent.  93: 113‑130 and 258‑279.

 

Eggenkamp‑Rotteveel Mansveld, M. H. & J. C. van Lenteren.  1984.  Large‑scale study on the population dynamics of whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) and its parasite Encarsia formosa Gahan.  Abstract XVIIth International Congress of Entomology, Hamburg: 296.

 

Egley, G.H., J.E. Hanks, and C.D. Boyette. 1993.  Invert emulsions droplet size and mycoherbicidal activity of Colleto­trichum truncatum.  Weed Technology, 7: 417-424.

 

Egorava, A. I.  1965.  Die morphologischen und physiologischen Eigenschaften der Stämme von Bacillus alvei Ch. et Ch., die im Gebiet von Novosibirsk kultiviert wurden.  In:  A. I. „erepanov (ed.), Issled. po biol. metod. bor'by s vredit. sels'kogo i lesn. choz. (Dokl. k simp., 17-20 Nov 1964).  Akad. Nauk SSSR, Sibirsk. Otd., Novosibirsk, Vyp 2.  [in Russian].

 

Egorenko, G. G.  1963.  Kombinierte Anwendung von Bakterienpräparaten und Ratindan.  Trudy Vses. nau…n. inst. vet. sanitarii 22:  173-7.  [in Russian].

 

Egorov, N. N.  1962.  On the biology of Pygaera anastomosis L. [Lepidoptera, Notodontidae].  Ent. Obozr. 41:  294-99.  [in Russian].

 

Egorov, N. N. & T. N. Soloñenikina.  1963.  Leaf roller moth Cacoecia crataegana Hb.-- A mass pest of the oak groves in Voroneñ region.  Zool. ð. 42:  1501-12.  [in Russian].

 

<EH.REF>

 

Ehara, S.  1959.  Some predatory mites of the genera Typhlodromus and Amblyseius from Japan [Phytoseiidae].  Acarologia 1:  201-15.

 

Ehara, S.  1964.  The Teranychid mites of Japan.  1st Intern. Cong. Acarol. Proc., Ft. Collins, Colorado (1963).  Acarologia 6:  409-13.

 

Ehara, S.  1966.  A tentative catalogue of predatory mites of Phytoseiidae known from Asia, with descriptions of five new species from Japan.  Mushi, Fukuoka 39:  9-30.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1976.  The relationship between theory and practice in biological control.  Bull. Ent. Soc. Amer. 22:  319-21. 

 

Ehler, L. E.  1978.  Competition between two natural enemies of Mediterranean black scale on olive.  Environ. Ent. 7:  521-23.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1979.  Assessing competitive interactions in parasite guilds prior to introduction.  Environ. Ent. 8:  558-60.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1982.  Foreign exploration in California.  Environ. Ent. 11:  525-30.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1985.  Species-dependent mortality in a parasite guild and its relevance to biological control.  Environ. Ent. 14:  1-6.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1986.  Distribution of progeny in two effective parasites of a gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae).  Environ. Ent. 15:  1268-71.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1989.  Environmental impact of introduced biological-control agents:  implications for agricultural biotechnology.  In:  "Risk Assessment in Agricultural Biotechnology," J. J. Marois & G. Bruening (eds.).  Univ. of Calif., Div. Agr. & Nat. Res., Oakland, CA.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1990a.  Introduction strategies in biological control of insects.  Crit. Issues in Biol. Contr., Chap. 6.  1990:  111-134.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1990b.  Revitalizing biological control.  Issues in Science and Technology:  91-6.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1990c.  Environmental impact of introduced biological-control agents:  implications for agricultural biotechnology, p. 85-96.  In:  J. J. Marois & G. Bruening (eds.), Risk Assessment in Agricultural Biotechnology.  Proc. Intern. Conf., Univ. Calif. Div. Agr. & Nat. Res. Pub. No. 1928. 

 

Ehler, L. E.  1990d.  Some contemporary issues in biological control of insects and their relevance to the use of entomopathogenic nematodes, p. 1-9.  In:  R. Gaugler & H. K. Kaya (eds.), Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Biological Control.  CRC Press, Boca Raton, Ann Arbor, Boston.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1991.  Planned introductions in biological control, p. 21-39.  In:  L. R. Ginzburg (ed.), Assessing Ecological Risks of Biotechnology.  Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, London, Singapore, Sydney, Toronto, Wellington. 

 

Ehler, L E.  1994.  Parasitoid communities, parasitoid guilds, and biological control. Hawkins, B. A. and W. Sheehan (Ed.). Parasitoid community ecology.  x+516p. Oxford University Press: Oxford, England, UK; New York, New York,  USA. ISBN 0-19-854058-2. 1994. p. 418-436.

 

Ehler, L E.  1995.  Biological control of obscure scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in California: An experimental approach.  Environ. Entomol., v.24, n.4, (1995): 779-795.

 

Ehler, L E.  1996.  Evolutionary history of pest-enemy associations.  Delfosse, E. S. and R. R. Scott (Ed.). Biological control of weeds; VIII International Symposium, Canterbury, New Zealand, February 2-7, 1992. xxiii+731p. CSIRO Publications: East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ISBN 0-643-05812-5. 1996. p. 83-91.

 

Ehler, L E.  1996.  Structure and impact of natural enemy guilds in biological control of insect pests.  Polis, G. A. and K. O. Winemiller (Ed.). Food webs: Integration of patterns and dynamics. xiv+472p. Chapman and Hall, Inc.: New York, New York, USA; London, England, UK. ISBN 0-412-04051-4. 1996. p. 337-342.

 

Ehler, L. E.  1998.  Invasion biology and biological control.  Biological Control, v.13, n.2, (1998. Oct.): 127-133.

 

Ehler, L. E. & L. A. Andrés.  1983.  Biological control:  exotic natural enemies to control exotic pests (p. 395-418).  In:  "Exotic Plant Pests and North American Agriculture," C. L. Wilson & C. L. Graham (eds.).  Academic Press, New York.  522 p.

 

Ehler, L. E. & P. C. Endicott.  1984.  Effect of malathion-bait sprays on biological control of insect pests of olive, citrus, and walnut.  Hilgardia 52(5):  1-47.

 

Ehler, L. E. & R. W. Hall.  1982.  Evidence for competitive exclusion of introduced natural enemies in biological control.  Environ. Ent. 11:  1-4.

 

Ehlers, R-U; Hokkanen, H M T.  1996.  Insect biocontrol with non-endemic entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis spp.): Conclusions and recommendations of a combined OECD and COST workshop on scientific and regulatory policy issues... Biocontrol Science and Technology, v.6, n.3, (1996): 295-302.

 

Ehler, L. E. & M. G. Kinsey.  1990.  Influence of gall size on survival and fecundity of Rhopalomyia californica (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a biological-control agent for Baccharis halimifolia (Asteraceae).  Environ. Ent. 19:  1558-65.

 

Ehler, L E; Kinsey, M G.  1995.  Ecology and management of Mindarus kinseyi voegtlin (Aphidoidea: Mindaridae) on white-fir seedlings at a California Forest Nursery.  Hilgardia, v.62, n.1, (1995): 1-62.

 

Ehler, L. E. & J. C. Miller.  1978.  Biological control in temporary agroecosystems.  Entomophaga 23:  207-12.

 

Ehler, L. E. & R. van den Bosch.  1974.  An analysis of the natural biological control of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on cotton in California.  Canad. Ent. 106:  1067-73.

 

Ehler, L. E., K. G. Eveleens & R. van den Bosch.  1973.  An evaluation of some natural enemies of cabbage looper on cotton in California.  Environ. Ent. 2:  1009-15.

 

Ehler, L. E., R. L. Bugg, M. B. Hertlein, H. P. Sauter & K. Thorarinsson.  1987.  Patch-exploitation patterns in an egg-parasite of elm leaf beetle.  Entomophaga 32:  233-39.

 

Ehler, L. E., M. G. Kinsey & W. A. Palmer.  1990.  Further observations on the biology and host specificity of Prochoerodes truxaliata (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a biological-control agent for Baccharis halimifolia L. in Australia.  Pan-Pac. Ent. 66:  79-88.

 

Ehler, L E; Long, R F; Kinsey, M G; Kelley, S K.  1997.  Potential for augmentative biological control of black bean aphid in California sugarbeet.  Entomophaga, v.42, n.1-2, (1997): 241-256.

 

Ehrenhardt, H.  1940.  Untersuchungen über den Einfluss der Zehrwesbe Aphelinus mali auf den Massenwechsel der Blutlaus under Berücksichtingung der biologischen Bekämpfung der Blutlaus.  Arb. Physiol. angew. Ent. Berlin 7:  1-41.

 

Ehrenhardt, H., F. Bachmann, R. Diercks & W. Vogel.  1953.  Beitrage zur Biologie und Bekämpfung von Hyphantria cunea auf grund von Beobachtungen und Experimentellen Untersuchungen am internationalen Laboratorium zum Studium von Hyphantria cunea in Palic (Jugoslavien).  Plant Protect., Belgrade 16-17:  19-57.

 

Ehrhorn, E. M.  1914.  Speudococcus species found on sugarcane in Hawaii.  Hawaii. Ent. Soc. Proc. 3:  1-3.

 

Ehrlich, P. R. & L. C. Birch.  1967.  The "balance of nature" and "population control."  Amer. Natur. 101:  97-107.

 

Ehrlich, P. R. & P. H. Raven.  1964.  Butterfiles and plants:  a study in coevolution.  Evolution 18:  586-608.

 

Ehrlich, P. R., J. Harts, M. A. harwell, R. H. Raven, C. Sagan, G. M. Woodwell, J. Berry, E. S. Ayensu, A. H. Ehrlich, T. Eisner, S. J. Gould, H. D. Grover, R. Herrera, R. M. May, E. Mayr, C. P. McKay, H. A. Mooney, N. Myers, D. Pimentel & J. M. Teal.  1983.  Long-term biological consequences of nuclear war.  Science 222:  1283-92.

 

<EI.REF>

 

Eibi-Eibesfeldt, J. 1967.  On the guarding of leafcutter ants by minima-workers.  Natunvissenschaften, 54: 346.

 

Eichers, T.R. 1981.  Use of pesticides by farmers, pp. 3-54.  In:Pimentel, D., (ed.). CRC Handbook Of Pest Management in Agriculture, Volume II.  CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A.

 

Eichhorn, O.  1964a.  Die höhen- und waldtypenmässige Verbreitung der nützlichen Waldameisen in den Ostalpen.  Waldhygiene 5:  129-35.

 

Eichhorn, O.  1964b.  Zur Verbreitung und ókologie der hügelbauenden Waldameisen in den Ostalpen.  Ztschr. angew. Ent. 54:  253-89.

 

Eichhorn, O.  1965.  Uber einige Lärchenschädlinge und ihre Parasiten in Japan, Europa und Kanada.  Beitr. Ent. 15:  111-26.

 

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